Difference between revisions of "Resource Collection"

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1. Charles Babbage (1791-1871)

Charles Babbage Charles Babbage Known as ‘Father of Computers’. In 1821, He Created ‘Difference Engine' for Computers. In 1831, He brought an idea about ‘Analytical Engine,’ which was the archetype and celibacy. Later it was known as the first Computer in the world and He was a Mathematician, Computer Scientist, and Philosopher of Britain.

He planned engines that would "calculate by steam": the Difference Engines, designed to compute tables according to the method of finite differences, and the more complex Analytical Engines, forerunners of the modern computer. Almost forgotten and then rediscovered in the middle of the twentieth century, the Analytical Engines are among the great intellectual achievements of humankind.

Born December 26, 1791 in Teignmouth, Devonshire UK, Died 1871, London; Known to some as the "Father of Computing" for his contributions to the basic design of the computer through his Analytical machine. His previous Difference Engine was a special purpose device intended for the production of tables.

While he did produce prototypes of portions of the Difference Engine, it was left to Georg and Edvard Schuetz to construct the first working devices to the same design which were successful in limited applications.

Significant Events in His Life: 1791: Born; 1810: Entered Trinity College, Cambridge; 1814: graduated Peterhouse; 1817 received MA from Cambridge; 1820: founded the Analytical Society with Herschel and Peacock; 1823: started work on the Difference Engine through funding from the British

Government; 1827: published a table of logarithms from 1 to 108000; 1828: appointed to the Lucas an Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge (never presented a lecture); 1831: founded the British Association for the Advancement of Science; 1832: published "Economy of Manufactures and Machinery"; 1833: began work on the Analytical Engine; 1834: founded the Statistical Society of London; 1864: published Passages from the Life of a Philosopher; 1871: Died. 2. George Boole (1815-1864)

george_boole

George Boole Known as “ Inventor and Father of “Boole an Algebra", it is the basic idea for working of today’s all modern arithmetic Computers, Electronic circuits based on Boole an arithmetic theory and basic formularies for electronic circuits. He published most famous and renowned Mathematical theories, Cambridge Mathematical journals, and many valued books. Boole is regarded in hindsight as one of the founder of the field of computer science.

(1815-1964) invented Boolean algebra. He was born in Lincoln, England, on November 2, 1815. He first introduced his theory on symbolic logic in a paper on calculus that was awarded the Royal Medal from the Royal Society of London in 1844. He was in Cambridge while he was the editor of the Cambridge Mathematical Journal in England. He was also elected as the yearly Fellow of scientists to the Royal Society in 1857. His knowledge was held as a quiet secret for many years until his theory of logical expressions became more widely used in the field of electronics in 1938.

His concepts are well known today in the field of mathematical logic from the domain of computer science to information science. We remember him most effectively as we recall the use of "And, Or, and Not" when selecting the appropriate options for connecting search terms to find information in search engines such as Yahoo, Lycos, the Mining Company, or Alta Vista.

Boole began teaching at an elementary school as an assistant at the age of sixteen. He continued teaching at his own school while learning mathematics. His dedication to teaching evolved as did his study of mathematics at Queens College in Ireland (University of College Cork) where he became the first Professor of Mathematics in 1849. His major book on symbolic logic identified the concept of "Boolean Logic" in "The Mathematical Analysis of Logic" in 1847. He authored "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought" in 1854. Here he described what the computer industry now calls cybernetics. Mary Everest and George Boole married in 1855. They had five daughters. Mary was the niece of the famous explorer, Sir George Everest. She was also an advocate of early childhood development. Boole died of pneumonia in Ireland on December 8, 1864.

George Boole, first professor of Mathematics at Queens College Cork (later UCC) was born on the 2 Nov 1815 in Lincoln, England the eldest son of John

Boole and his wife Mary Ann Joyce. He had 3 siblings Maryann (1818 –1887), Charles (1819 –1888) and William (1821 –1902).In 1855 he married Mary Ann Everest and they had 5 children, all daughters Mary Ellen (b. 1856), Margaret (b. 1858), Alice (b. 1860, Lucy (b. 1862) and Ethel (b.1864). Boole died prematurely in 1864 at his home in Ballintemple, Co. Cork aged only 49. He caught a severe chill from walking in the rain, which later turned into a lung infection, causing his death. The papers preserved here were collected by Boole’s sister Maryann after his death, to provide the source work for a proposed biography by her. They were subsequently purchased at auction by UCC. 3. Lady Adda (1815-1851)

Lady_adda

Lady Adda , known as the world's first "Computer Programmer." She was daughter of popular English poet Lard Bairan. In the 19-Centuary, Augustus Adda (Lady Adda) had more Importance Lady in the history of Computer. She could completed the computer processing like " Analytical Engine " for Computer after the death of Charles Babbage and She could publishes the great ideas of Charles Babbage for the people and for the world.

Ada Byron, Lady Lovelace, was one of the most picturesque characters in computer history. Augusta Ada Byron was born December 10, 1815 the daughter of the illustrious poet, Lord Byron. Five weeks after Ada was born Lady Byron asked for a separation from Lord Byron, and was awarded sole custody of Ada who she brought up to be a mathematician and scientist. Lady Byron was terrified that Ada might end up being a poet like her father. Despite Lady Byron's programming Ada did not sublimate her poetical inclinations. She hoped to be "an analyst and a metaphysician". In her 30's she wrote her mother, if you can't give me poetry, can't you give me "poetical science?" Her understanding of mathematics was laced with imagination, and described in metaphors. 4. Herman Hollerith (1860-1929)

Herman_hollerith

The concept “Data entering by using Punch Cards” in the computer was first developed by Herman Hollerith. The Statistical tabulator Machines, which was the basic idea for information processing in the computer. In 1911 Hollerith established “Hollerith Computer Tabulating & Recording” (CTR) Company for the uses of his inventions. Now it became the world most popular Computer manufacturing Company Known as I B M (International Business Machine).

In 1881, Herman Hollerith began designing a machine to tabulate census data more efficiently than by traditional hand methods. The U.S. Census Bureau had taken eight years to complete the 1880 census, and it was feared that the 1890 census would take even longer. Herman Hollerith invented and used a punched card device to help analyze the 1890 US census data. Herman Hollerith's great breakthrough was his use of electricity to read, count, and sort punched cards whose holes represented data gathered by the census-takers. His machines were used for the 1890 census and accomplished in one year what would have taken nearly ten years of hand tabulating. In 1896, Herman Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company to sell his invention, the Company became part of IBM in 1924. 5. Alan Touring (1912-1954)

Alan_touring

Alan Touring ,known as father of “Computer Science ", British Mathematician. He developed "Cryptography”, a method for to piracy or to find out the secrets of language messages. He brought the idea of algorithm and he suggested a ‘Touring Test” for to measure the intelligence of Computers. Later, that was the beginning stage and special branch for the creation of artificial intelligence for complicated Computer

The Turing Test gives the most comprehensive, in depth and contemporary assessment of this classic topic in artificial intelligence. This is the first book to elaborate in such detail the numerous conflicting points of view on many aspects of this multifaceted, controversial subject. It offers new insights into Turing's own interpretation and traces the history of the debate about the merits of the Turing test in more detail than anywhere else. Turing's famous predictions (1950) are assessed fifty years after they were made. The book also gives competing views about how the Turing test should be interpreted, and novel contemporary criticisms of the test. Justifications for the test and its future applications are suggested and alternatives to the Turing test are examined in detail. Recent results of the Loebner competition are analyzed. This highly readable volume is essential reading for research on the Turing test and for teaching undergraduate and graduate students in philosophy, computer science, and cognitive science. 6.John Atanasoff (1903-1995)

John Atanasoff

John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry, Inventors of the Modern Computer . Atanasoff-Berry Computer the First Electronic Computer - modified first Electronic Computer, known as "ENIAC". An American physics scientist. It is the model of Berry-Computer (ABC) when he made in 1939. Capacitors are first used as memory device in Berry Computer. And an idea about “Digital Computer" was John Atanasoff.

Atanasoff-Berry Computer:-

In late 1939, John Atanasoff teamed up with Clifford Berry to build a prototype. They created the first computing machine to use electricity, vacuum tubes, binary numbers and capacitors. The capacitors were in a rotating drum that held the electrical charge for the memory. The brilliant and inventive Berry, with his background in electronics and mechanical construction skills, was the ideal partner for Atanasoff. The prototype won the team a grant of $850 to build a full-scale model. They spent the next two years further improving the Atanasoff-Berry Computer. The final product was the size of a desk, weighed 700 pounds, had over 300 vacuum tubes, and contained a mile of wire. It could calculate about one operation every 15 seconds, today a computer can calculate 150 billion operations in 15 seconds. Too large to go anywhere, it remained in the basement of the physics department. The war effort prevented John Atanasoff from finishing the patent process and doing any further work on the computer. When they needed storage space in the physics building, they dismantled the Atanasoff-Berry Computer. 7.John P. Eckert (1919-1995)

John-P-Akort

John Pressspper Eckert was the co-maker of the First completed digital Computer, known as ‘ENIAC.’ It was made by John p Eckert and John Mosley, combined together to formed the most popular computer work completed in 1946. This has about 30 ton weight. “ENIAC” is known as the First Electronic Computer in the world. Later in 1949, the other computer “BINIAC” is also perusing by them.

John P. Eckert is credited with being a co inventor of the first electronic digital computer. While he was a research associate at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania, he collaborated with J.W. Mosley in designing and constructing the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC). Eckert used the basic digital concepts in designing ENIAC which John V. Atanasoff had used earlier in a device he had built in the 1930s. By using these digital concepts, Eckert was able to substitute electronic components for mechanical ones. This change in design made ENIAC about 1,000 times faster than the previous generation of relay computers. Eckert and Mauchly decided to build ENIAC when the outbreak of WWII produced a desperate need for computing capability for the military. ENIAC was designed to calculate ballistic trajectory tables for the new weapons systems which were being developed. ENIAC was successful at doing this, and thus was officially put into operation in 1946 and was used for the next 9 years 8.J W Mosley. (1907-1980)

J.W. Mosley

John William Mosley and J.Presspper Eckert, Both of them, combined together to formulated the first completed digital Computer, known as “ENIAC”. J W Mosley was An American Scientist. The Creation of “ENIAC". Computer is a precious stone in the history; first electronic Computer could able to do work. Later, other Computer- ADWAK is also made by them, in which Newman stored programs theory first tested.

9.Howard H. Aiken (1900-1973)

Howard H. Aiken

Howard H. Aiken was the Creator of Mark-! Which was also the archetype and primitive Computer formed in the first time. He developed a calculator machine called ‘Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator’ for complicated additions, thus later it is known as Mark-1. The first academic programmed for Computer science in the world is started in Howard by Icon. 10.Thomas Watson Senior (1874-1956)

Thomas Watson Senior

Thomas Watson, the founder of International Business Machine ( I B M ), Worldwide most popular Computer Company, his encouragements and services for make Computer at the first time , made him Immortal in the world. The brand Image " THINK" of I B M , is an execution projects of Watson ,When he was in the NCR., established by Herman Holarith and its president was Thomas Watson.. 11.John worn Newman (1903-195

John worn Newman

“Game Theory" in Mathematics is formulated by John Worn Newman; His main contributions are Quantum Physics, Computer Sciences, Chemical analysis, Set theory. The concept of "Stored Program" now uses in the Computer, is first brought by Newman and his owed many ideas about the Collection of Data’s, and Structure of Computers.

12.John Backus (1924-...)

john_backus

The first high level programming language” FORTRAN" expanded by John Backus, the Chief member of IBM team. FORTRAN formulated for IBM_704 Computer and FORTRAN gave significance in the Science and Researches for Computers, and used as important Computer language now a days. He helped for the expansion of ‘ALGOL’ Computer Language, and find out the Functional Programming “for better programming.

13.John Bardeen (1908-1991)

john_burden

The invention of “Transistor”, really a wondering, which could change in the historic inventions among the grate men and in electronics. Now a days, ‘The Microprocessors’ , the basic part of the Computer, is made by Transistors , also used in Memory Circuits and its state is really caused the way for to make today’s Computer and this was the most popular Invention of John Bardeen for the world and computer science.

The transistor is an influential invention that changed the course of history for computers. The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes; the second generation of computers used transistors; the third generation of computers used integrated circuits; and the fourth generation of computers used microprocessors.

John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain, scientists at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, were researching the behavior of crystals (germanium) as semi-conductors in an attempt to replace vacuum tubes as mechanical relays in telecommunications. The vacuum tube, used to amplify music and voice, made long-distance calling practical, but the tubes consumed power, created heat and burned out rapidly, requiring high maintenance. 14.Walter H Britain (1902-1987)

waltar_h_britain

William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter, combine together to form and invented a great invention in the history was "Transistors”, can affect a total change in the electronics and Computer Industry. Britain’s main Contributions are Photo Effect of Semi Conductors for Physics.

15. William Shockley (1910-1989)

william_shockley

The main contribution of William Shockley was the invention of “Transistors” together with John Bardeen, Walter. With the invention of Transistors,. Computer ,Which could reduced in its size ,and can affect Computer Industry Shockley could began a company in the name of " Shockley Semi Conductor." after that, his staff could began " Fair Child Semi Conductor and Intel Company.

He left Bell Labs in 1955 and served as visiting professor and consultant at various universities and corporations. He started his own lab to develop transistors and other devices. The business changed hands a few times and finally folded in 1968. In 1963, Shockley was appointed professor of engineering at Stanford University where he taught until 1975. Teaching made him think a great deal himself about the thought process and how scientific thinking might be improved. His general ideas got more specific with time, becoming very similar to the theories of the eugenics movement of the 1910s and 1920s. He argued that the future of the population was threatened because people with low IQs had more children than those with high IQs. His views became increasingly controversial and race-based. While people continued to respect his achievements in physics and engineering, many public figures and scientists pointed out that "his contributions to physics did not lend scientific credence to his judgments on genetics." 16. Jack killbe (1923-2005)

jack_killbe

Integrated Circuit ( I C ) Invented by Grate Scientist Jack Killbee. This invention was really a seed for the growth of Computer and its industry. He could find out and use a single semi conductor Circuit by fabricating passive, active electronic factors., which has the size of paper clip. Thus it helps to reduce the size of the Computer and his other contributions are the invention of Portable Calculator, Thermal Printer, etc.

Kilby had made a big breakthrough. But while the U.S. Air Force showed some interest in TI's integrated circuit, industry reacted skeptically. Indeed the IC and its relative merits "provided much of the entertainment at major technical meetings over the next few years," Kilby wrote.

Kilby with Calculator The integrated circuit first won a place in the military market through programs such as the first computer using silicon chips for the Air Force in 1961 and the Minuteman Missile in 1962. Recognizing the need for a "demonstration product" to speed widespread use of the IC, Patrick E. Haggerty, former TI chairman, challenged Kilby to design a calculator as powerful as the large, electro-mechanical desktop models of the day, but small enough to fit in a coat pocket. The resulting electronic hand-held calculator, of which Kilby is a co-inventor, successfully commercialized the integrated circuit. 17. Maurice Wilkes(1913-.)

Murices_wilkes

Murices Wilkes has contributed the many and most popular inventions for the computer world. The popular inventions are the” theory of Micro programming , the significant like Micros, the theory of Sub root library and mainly in the case of the creator of programmed EDSAC , kept his own in the first computer

s a British computer scientist credited with several important developments in computing. ...

18. Greases Hopper (1906-1991)

Grace_Hopper

Known as the creator of the world most popular computer language“COBBOL”. Greases Hopper was also a famous computer scientist. He wrote the programs for the first computer ‘Mark-1’, the third participant and helped for the development of famous computer languages like’ UNIVAC, FLOW-MATIC, which was the primitive computer language and could find out the mistake of computer programs ‘BUG’.

19.Cloud Shannon (1916-2001)

Cloud Shannon

Claude Elwood Shannon is considered as the founding father of electronic communications .Funded under the new Science Foundation Ireland Mathematics Initiative, the Claude Cloud Shannon gave foundation for digital technical and known as “Father of information theory”. Based on this, he could give a large number of contributions in the area of Information and Communication. He could introduce ‘Mathematical theory of Communication’. Shannon’s theory helped for making of electronic devices, easy when he suggested that to apply Boolean theory in electronic devices . 20. Van avers Bush (1890-1974)

Vanaver Bush

As Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Dr. Vinegar Bush has coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare.

The main roll for the expansion of the web ‘hyper text’, and its foundation mainly executed by Van aver Bush. The concept “Memex” first introduced, which is an Information store house for easy access. Actually it is the first idea about World Wide Web (www). He constructed differential analyzer, Analogue Computer.

And Cloud Shannon was a student of Van avers Bush when he was in MIT.

Hypertext is the future. It is, at least the future of academia, if not narrative.

The beginnings of hypertext, in the sense we generally think of, can be traced to an article by Van over Bush in 1945. The article proposed a machine Bush called a Memex. The Memex was to be a machine for displaying and organizing information in a truly non-linear form. It was to be both a library and a desk; there would be screens to display microfilm versions of the books and articles stored in the machine. Bush believed that the traditional method of information retrieval was outdated in the newly modern post-WWII world. Bush noted that systems of categorization were always problematic, and frequently counterintuitive. The Memex was to be the solution; think of your PC with a true digital library. 21. Herbert Simon (1916-2001)

Herbert Simon

The commencement for a branch of ‘Artificial Intelligence Computer Science’ was first started by Herbert Alexander Simon. He was a versatile genius and could be engaged in Computer Science, Public rule, Economics, philosophy. His main contribution was to upgrade artificial intelligence in Computer through mathematical article. Herbert Simon can be appreciated as a half century intellectual barometer of the changes in thinking about educational management 22. Seymour Papert (1928--)

22_Saimoor_Pappert

Saimoor Pap pert and Marvin Minsky, combined together to give foundation for a branch of ‘Artificial Intelligence Computer Science ‘,

both of them are Computer Scientist, Mathematician. Saimoor Pap pert is mainly the creator of programming language “LOGO”, for Childers to solve difficult problems. He wrote many books and now he is doing a project “One Lap Top per Child” together with Negron Ponte.

Seymour Papert, a mathematician and pioneer in artificial intelligence, has radical ideas about how the education system should be overhauled.

Seymour Papert is a mathematician, and a professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was one of the founders of the famous Artificial Intelligence lab - which did the pioneering work on computers, way back in the sixties.

His interest in the brain led him to children, and how they learn. He worked with the Lego company, where he developed a line of robotic toys. But his most enduring passion is to give every child in his home state of Maine a personal computer.

People laughed at Seymour Papert in the sixties when he talked about children using computers as instruments for learning and for enhancing creativity. The idea of an inexpensive personal computer was then science fiction. But Papert was conducting serious research in his capacity as a professor at MIT. This research led to many firsts. It was in his laboratory that children first had the chance to use the computer to write and to make graphics. The Logo programming language was created there, as were the first children's toys with built-in computation. The Logo Foundation was created to inform people about Logo and to support them in their use of Logo-based software for learning and teaching. 23. Marvin Minsky(1927-)

23_Marvin_Minsky

One of the pioneers of artificial intelligence; a significant contributor to cognitive psychology, mathematics, computational linguistics,

The main roll for the branch of ‘Artificial Intelligence Computer Science and its foundation are by Marvin Minsky He is also a Computer Scientist, philosopher. Seymour Pap pert and Marvin Minsk, combined together to form ‘Artificial Intelligence Lab’ The first patent for ‘Head mounted graphic display’ is in the name of Marvin Minsk and the other contributions are to make intelligence mechanical Robert. 24. Ivan Sutherland (1938- )

24._Ivan_Sutherland

Ivan Edward Sutherland, One of the main participants for the development of ‘Interactive Computer Interphase’. He gave the fundamental communicative ideas for Computer Interphase indulged on multimedia and the creator of ‘Virtual reality, augmented reality’. He wrote the programmed “Sketch Pad” for the interactions of human being very easy with Computers. And this helped Dug Elbert to Create “On Line” method later.

is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer. He received the Turing Award in 1988 for ...

Ivan Sutherland is considered by many to be the creator of Computer Graphics.

Ivan Sutherland is a Sun Fellow and VP for Sun Microsystems Laboratories ... Ivan Sutherland to be Honored at the Computer History Museum's Fellow Awards. ... 25. Tommy Flowers (1905-1998)

25._Tomy_Flowers

Tommy Flowers was the creator of the first practical electronic computer. ... It was for this task that Tommy Flowers was set to make his mark on the ...

was the creator of the first practical electronic computer. He was the technical innovator behind the design of the Colossus computer used to break the German Lorenz teleprinter codes during the Second World War. It is an achievement that few know thanks to the Official Secrets Act and Tommy Flowers's sense of honor and duty to his country. Colossus was a secret until 1974 and the program's algorithms1 are still secret.

The invention of “Colossus”, an ‘Electronic Code Breaking System’, similar to Computer at the time of Second World War for Britain, much admired to Tommy Flowers. “Colossus”, electronic equipment really based on Seymour Law. The world known the contributions of Tommy Flowers after the year 1970 according to hide official secret law. 26. Blaise-Pascall (1910-1

26._blaise_pascall

Blaise-Pascall, known as one of the famous creator of computer at the beginning stage. He invented the first mechanical calculator and he converted in to first electronic programmable calculator, called ‘Z3’, which was computing equipment, capable of stored program by using Tape record and the other famous contribution was, the first algorithms based programming language.

27. Bill Hue let (1913-2001)

27._bill_hue_let

William Redding ton Hue let was the co-founder of the World famous IT Company Hue let Packard, the largest and most popular computer & printer manufacturing company in the world, known as the ‘HP’(Hewlett-Packard).David placard and Bill Hue let, could lead the company as a pioneer in the world as in the area of servers, printer etc. 28. David Packard (1912-1996)

28._davis_packard

David Packard was one of the founders of Hewlett-Packard Company. Other one was William Redding ton Hue let .Hewlett-Packard. (HP) Company the most popular in printer manufacturing and second largest in the Computer manufacturing & IT Company in the world, known as ‘HP’ (Hewlett-Packard) Company, name formulated in the garage of Packard’s residence. At the beginning stage, manufacturing electronic testing, measurement equipments, later Calculator, Computer, Laser, Inkjet printer etc developed quickly. 29. Seymour Cray (1928-1996)

29_saimoor_cray

Seymour Cray, known as father of “Super Computer”, famous Computer Scientist. In1976 released the first super computer ‘Cry-1’. Primitive form manufactured in ‘CDC’ Company and formulated in name as CDC1604, later He formulated the first super computer, known as ‘CDC-6600’ which was fastest computer and lead far away from other computer at that days.

30. Adjure Dejecstra (1930-2003)

30. Adjure Dejecstra

Worth remembering of Adjure Dejecstra ,was mainly for the contributions of the basic idea for the development of programming language .He gave ‘shortest path algorithm’, which was the basic theory of programming , the operating system ‘THE’ , the ideas about ‘self stabilization’ in the distributed system also gave to the world. The team establishing the first Algal compiler, Dejecstra was also a member. 31. Brian Kernighan (1942---)

31_braian_kernighan .

Brian Wilson Kernighan, mainly known as a famous author of many programming books and it consider as a bible of the programming books, in the world. He is the main participant for the development of programming Language ‘AMK’, ‘AMPL’, Dennis Richey and He combined together to composed a book known as ‘Programmed in Easy’, and its creative admired. And researches are also going in the area of ‘Application oriented Programming Languages, Programming Methodology, user Interphase etc. 32. Alan Shogart (1930--)

32_alan_shogart.

Alan Shogart known as the father of “Hard Disc Drive’. For the invention of Floppy Disc, in the IBM Company, took part decisive roll .He is the founder of world famous hard disc manufacturing company known as “See Gate”. Now days his inventions enter from Computer to Portable Equipments and mobile phones and now conduct the establishments, known as ‘Venture Capitalist’.

33 J.Glen Minor (1932-1994)

33_Jae.Glen_Minor

J.Glen Minor was a famous integrated circuit designer in the field of multimedia chip. The invention of Remote control pace maker, deserving attention and popular in the field of medical science. He formulated the composing of all components of the circuits could located in a single chip, known as ‘TIA’.and started game console manufacturing company known as ‘Amiga’ and his team could developed a joystick for game console.

34. Thomas Watson Junior (1914-1993)

Thomas Watson Junior

Thomas Watson Junior could able to change the computer manufacturing company ‘IBM ‘International Business Machine’ as the world most popular and largest in the world. He was son of Thomas Watson senior. The success of effort for making main frame computer manufacturing, he could change the company as the more marketable Computer Company, excessive growth changed as the largest in the world, using same peripherals and software’s Computer, commonly known as‘360’. 35. James Russell (1931---)

James Russell

Optical Disc, in the name of ‘Compact Disc’, invented by James T Russell. He constructed computer key board, electron beam welder, can uses with color television and this invention really could change the life human being. Now conduct a consultancy for care optical storage. 36. Roger Needham (1935-2003)

. Roger Needham

Prof. Roger Needham was the foremost one computer scientist seen in the last halves of the century .He contributed ‘Operating systems, Time sharing systems, Local area net work and other contributions are ‘BAN logic, Needham Fraser security protocol TEA, XTEA encryption algorithms. 37 Gordon Moor (1929---)

Gordon Moor

Gordon Moor is the co-founder of ‘Intel’, in the field of renowned gigantic microprocessor establishment, besides its position, known as the discover of ‘Moor Law’.The ultimate growth in the field of microprocessor, really followed by ‘Moor Law’ .and He is the co-creator of the company ‘Fare child semiconductor’ and the beginning of ‘Intel’ company together with Robert Noise is really an important incidence. 38. Robert Noise (1928-1990)

Robert Noise

Robert Noise, known as the ‘Mayer of Silicon Valley’, started the world famous ‘Intel Corporation’ with Gordon Moor and known as the second father of ‘Integrated Circuit ‘together with Jack Kolbe. In 1957, Robert Noise formulated semiconductor together with his colleague, at the time of Shockley semiconductor Company. 39. Tead Hoff (1937---)

Tead Hoff

The first microprocessor ‘Intel 4004’ formulated by famous computer scientist Messier Edward Hoff ( Tead Hoff )and promoted the beginning stage of microprocessor industry. and microprocessor could give the revolution seed of personal computer . Tead Hoff could lead and renowned the famous microprocessor released by ‘Intel’ 40. Douglas Amgalburt (1925---)

Douglas Amgalburt

the most important Computer input device ‘Mouse’ of today’s computer, invented by Douglas Amgalburt . It helps the application and uses of Computer very easy. The other main contributions are ‘shared screen teleconferencing, multiple windows, contest sensitive help and the mutual relation of these inventions leads, to the formation of the first personal computer, known as “Altair”. 41. Ann Vang (1920-1990)

Ann Vang

Ann Vang was the farsightedness prophet, foresight and enterprising genius of computer world. His main product was ‘Desk top calculator, magnetic core memory, pulse transfer controlling device’.In1980 the establishment ‘Vague Laboratories’ was admired one in the area of computer filed, could contribute various devices. And could produced computer known as ‘Vs Vang’. 42 Haakon Lance (1942---)

Haakon Lance

The most popular invention of Haakon Lance was the invention of ‘Color monitor, Global possession system (Gps).The facility of Global possession system, now using for the integration of mobile. And this invention helpful for car drivers in the future. He could make a single point device, which considered as the primitive form of mouse. 43. Butler Lapson(1943--)

Butler Lapson

Butler Lap son is a Computer Scientist, Software architect in Microsoft and professor in the department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering in MIT. The main and most renowned contributions are in the area of Computer architect, Local area net work, Raster printer, page description, Languages, Operating systems, Remote procedures call, fast tolerant computing, computer security and thus world admired for his contribution.

44. Donald Knuth (1938--)

Donald Knuth

Donald Ervin Knuth known as the creator of computer language ‘Tex’, the application about mathematical articles, books could type and set in the computer. He wrote much computer language. The book ‘the art of computer programming’ really an incident in the history of branch of computer programming language. And admired the beginning of academy in the area of computer science academy, really the way activities of Knuth. 45. Alonso Church(1903-1995)

Alonso Church

Mathematician Alonso Church renowned, admired, one of the famous basic founder for the branch of Computer Science. The most important contributions are piano arithmetic, first order logic, church’s thesis, and lambda calculus theory. The programming language ‘LISP’ developed with help of lambda calculus theory of Alonso Church’ 46. Tead Nelson (1937--)

Tead Nelson

Theodore Home Nelson, a famous computer scientist and philosopher. The main contributions are ‘Hyper text, Hyper media applications.

Till not attained the up gradation about www from his foresight, his aim, dreams and deems leads, fulfilled in the form of World Wide Web (www).and indulged now in the activities to find Out a special software ‘Zig Zag’. 47. Clive Sinclair (1940-…)

Clive Sinclair

Sir Clive Marles Sinclair is a well-known British entrepreneur and inventor of the world’ first’ slim-line’ electronic pocket calculator.,ZX spectrum computer amongst many other things. Sinclair Radionics Ltd Company could released Micro FM Radio, first Pocket TV and He could established four other Company. 48. Gordon Bell (1934-..)

Gordon Bell

Senior scientist in the department of Microsoft research center. He could implement the development and marketing of ‘Digital Equipment Corporation’ and formulated PDP-1 the input/output system. From the year1995, in Microsoft Company, Gordon Bell, doing his researching about the uses of computer in the area of ‘Telepresence.’ refers to a set of technologies which allow a person to feel as if they were present, to give the appearance that they were present, or to have an effect, at a location other than their true location . 49. Jef Raskin (1944-….)

Jef Raskin

Jef Raskin, a famous scientist could contributed and participant for the development of ‘Personal Computer Interface’. The application of Interphase first implemented in ‘Apple Computer’ and the idea about ‘Graphical User Interphase’ in Apple Computer’ and also brought by Jef Raskin and Steve Jobbes supported. 50.Jim Clerk - (1944-__)

Jim Clerk

Jim Clerk is well known as the founder of the famous company- 'Silicon graphics and Nets cape communications'.In the field of graphics , he invented many inventions. He could make history for the publication of the world first graphical browser together with scientist Adreson at the first time and Jim Clerk now conducting new establishments in the area of Information technology and Bio technology.

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